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LANGUAGE

From written signs to everyday conversation.

Mandarin: varieties and writing standards

Mandarin names a group of spoken varieties and standardized spoken forms. Traditional and Simplified describe character conventions. Either writing system can represent Mandarin; Traditional characters also write Cantonese and other Chinese languages.

Taiwan Mandarin / 國語 · 華語

Traditional; Zhuyin is widely taught

Start here for Taiwan. Vocabulary, phonology and character forms can differ from mainland standards.

Mainland Putonghua / 普通话

Simplified; Hanyu Pinyin

A national spoken standard, not the accent of every Mandarin-speaking town.

Singapore Huayu / 华语

Mainly Simplified; Pinyin

A regional standard with local vocabulary and a multilingual context.

Traditional characters

Taiwan, Hong Kong and other communities

Traditional standards are not identical: Taiwanese and Hong Kong preferred forms can differ.

Simplified characters

Mainland China and Singapore

Learn the official mappings and their context; do not strip strokes by intuition.

Try it: Does changing 國 to 国 change a Mandarin sentence into a different spoken language?

Show the answer

No. It changes the written form. Pronunciation and regional vocabulary are separate choices.

References: Taiwan Ministry of Education stroke orderUnicode variant mapping semantics

Kanji + Hanzi studio

All 214 Kangxi radicals, all 2,136 Jōyō kanji, thousands of stroke models, character readings and writing-standard comparisons.

Open character study →
MANDARIN / EVERYDAY SURVIVAL

華語 · 臺灣

Food, transport, shops, and getting help.
Build the sentences you need.

The words for everyday life.

Find a situation, read the phrase, or show the native text. Learn common replies as well as questions.

Pronunciation & how to use these phrases

Pinyin marks tones: mā high, má rising, mǎ low/dipping, mà falling; unmarked syllables are light. Third tones often stay low in speech, and two third tones change the first to a rising tone. 不 and 一 also change tone in context. Reading aids show citation tones. Taiwan-oriented Traditional characters are paired with pinyin; the writing area has Zhuyin practice.

Learn the reply with the request: 有/沒有 for availability, 可以/不可以 for permission. The phrasebook uses Taiwan terms such as 公車, 計程車 and 便利商店. Use the native text when showing a phrase to someone.

84 phrases

Basics

Hello / good day你好。Nǐ hǎo.
Thank you謝謝。Xièxie.
Excuse me / sorry不好意思。Bù hǎo yìsi.
Goodbye再見。Zàijiàn.

Communication

Do you speak English?你會說英文嗎?Nǐ huì shuō Yīngwén ma?
I do not understand.我聽不懂。Wǒ tīng bù dǒng.
Please speak more slowly.請說慢一點。Qǐng shuō màn yīdiǎn.
Could you repeat that?可以再說一次嗎?Kěyǐ zài shuō yī cì ma?
Please write it down.請寫下來。Qǐng xiě xiàlái.
I am hard of hearing.我聽力不好。Wǒ tīnglì bù hǎo.

Bathrooms

Where is the bathroom?請問,廁所在哪裡?Qǐngwèn, cèsuǒ zài nǎlǐ?
May I use the bathroom?可以借用廁所嗎?Kěyǐ jièyòng cèsuǒ ma?
There is no toilet paper.沒有衛生紙。Méiyǒu wèishēngzhǐ.

Food & ordering

A table for one, please.一位,謝謝。Yī wèi, xièxie.
May I see the menu?可以看菜單嗎?Kěyǐ kàn càidān ma?
This one, please. (point)我要這個,謝謝。Wǒ yào zhège, xièxie.
What do you recommend?你推薦什麼?Nǐ tuījiàn shénme?
Water, please.請給我水。Qǐng gěi wǒ shuǐ.
A coffee, please.一杯咖啡,謝謝。Yī bēi kāfēi, xièxie.
Without sugar, please.無糖,謝謝。Wútáng, xièxie.
Not spicy, please.不要辣,謝謝。Bù yào là, xièxie.
I do not eat meat.我不吃肉。Wǒ bù chī ròu.
I have a peanut allergy.我對花生過敏。Wǒ duì huāshēng guòmǐn.
Does this contain milk?這個有牛奶嗎?Zhège yǒu niúnǎi ma?
To take away, please.外帶,謝謝。Wàidài, xièxie.
To eat here.內用。Nèiyòng.
The bill, please.我要結帳。Wǒ yào jiézhàng.
Two people.兩位。Liǎng wèi.
Still water, please.不含氣的水,謝謝。Bù hán qì de shuǐ, xièxie.
A spoon, please.請給我湯匙。Qǐng gěi wǒ tāngchí.
Could you check the ingredients?可以幫我確認成分嗎?Kěyǐ bāng wǒ quèrèn chéngfèn ma?

Shops & convenience stores

How much is this?這個多少錢?Zhège duōshǎo qián?
Do you have this? (show an item)你們有這個嗎?Nǐmen yǒu zhège ma?
A bag, please.請給我一個袋子。Qǐng gěi wǒ yī ge dàizi.
I do not need a bag.不用袋子,謝謝。Bù yòng dàizi, xièxie.
Could you heat this up?可以幫我微波嗎?Kěyǐ bāng wǒ wéibō ma?
Where is the nearest convenience store / small grocery?最近的便利商店在哪裡?Zuì jìn de biànlì shāngdiàn zài nǎlǐ?
What time do you close?你們幾點關門?Nǐmen jǐ diǎn guānmén?

Money & payment

Can I pay by card?可以刷卡嗎?Kěyǐ shuākǎ ma?
A receipt, please.請給我收據。Qǐng gěi wǒ shōujù.
Where is an ATM?提款機在哪裡?Tíkuǎnjī zài nǎlǐ?
Please show me the price.請給我看價格。Qǐng gěi wǒ kàn jiàgé.

Taxis & transit

Please take me to this address.請帶我去這個地址。Qǐng dài wǒ qù zhège dìzhǐ.
How much will it cost?大概多少錢?Dàgài duōshǎo qián?
Stop here, please.請在這裡停。Qǐng zài zhèlǐ tíng.
Where is the station?火車站在哪裡?Huǒchēzhàn zài nǎlǐ?
One ticket to …, please.一張到……的票,謝謝。Yī zhāng dào … de piào, xièxie.
Does this bus go to the airport?這班公車有到機場嗎?Zhè bān gōngchē yǒu dào jīchǎng ma?
Which platform?哪個月台?Nǎ ge yuètái?
A return ticket, please.來回票,謝謝。Láihuí piào, xièxie.
Do I need to change trains?需要換車嗎?Xūyào huànchē ma?

Airport

Where is the check-in counter?報到櫃檯在哪裡?Bàodào guìtái zài nǎlǐ?
Where is the departure gate?登機門在哪裡?Dēngjīmén zài nǎlǐ?
My luggage has not arrived.我的行李還沒到。Wǒ de xínglǐ hái méi dào.
I have a connecting flight.我要轉機。Wǒ yào zhuǎnjī.
Where is baggage claim?行李提領處在哪裡?Xínglǐ tílǐngchù zài nǎlǐ?
What time does boarding start?幾點開始登機?Jǐ diǎn kāishǐ dēngjī?

Accommodation

I have a reservation.我有訂房。Wǒ yǒu dìngfáng.
Could I leave my luggage here?可以寄放行李嗎?Kěyǐ jìfàng xínglǐ ma?
The key does not work.鑰匙不能用。Yàoshi bù néng yòng.
Is there a quieter room?有比較安靜的房間嗎?Yǒu bǐjiào ānjìng de fángjiān ma?
What time is check-out?幾點退房?Jǐ diǎn tuìfáng?

Directions & time

Please show me on the map.請在地圖上指給我看。Qǐng zài dìtú shàng zhǐ gěi wǒ kàn.
Can I walk there?可以走路到嗎?Kěyǐ zǒulù dào ma?
How long does it take?要多久?Yào duōjiǔ?

Help & problems

Please help me.請幫幫我。Qǐng bāngbang wǒ.
Please call an ambulance.請叫救護車。Qǐng jiào jiùhùchē.
Please call the police.請叫警察。Qǐng jiào jǐngchá.
I need a doctor.我需要醫生。Wǒ xūyào yīshēng.
Where is the pharmacy?藥局在哪裡?Yàojú zài nǎlǐ?
My passport is missing.我的護照不見了。Wǒ de hùzhào bù jiàn le.
No, thank you.不用,謝謝。Bù yòng, xièxie.

Phone & internet

What is the Wi-Fi password?Wi-Fi 密碼是什麼?Wi-Fi mìmǎ shì shénme?
May I charge my phone here?可以在這裡充電嗎?Kěyǐ zài zhèlǐ chōngdiàn ma?
I need a SIM card.我需要 SIM 卡。Wǒ xūyào SIM kǎ.

Replies & signs

Yes / no是 / 不是Shì / bù shì
Cash only只收現金Zhǐ shōu xiànjīn
Open / closed營業中 / 休息中Yíngyè zhōng / xiūxí zhōng
Entrance / exit入口 / 出口Rùkǒu / chūkǒu
Left / right / straight ahead左轉 / 右轉 / 直走Zuǒ zhuǎn / yòu zhuǎn / zhí zǒu
Today / tomorrow / now今天 / 明天 / 現在Jīntiān / míngtiān / xiànzài
Please wait a moment.請等一下。Qǐng děng yīxià.
Sold out / unavailable售完 / 沒有了Shòuwán / méiyǒu le
Delayed / cancelled延誤 / 取消Yánwù / qǔxiāo
Further reading & cultural sources
Practice scores last for this visit.Mandarin audio is unavailable on this device. All exercises work without audio.