LANGUAGE
From written signs to everyday conversation.
Mandarin Chinese / Taiwan
Bopomofo / Zhuyin
注音符號A set of phonetic symbols used to show Mandarin pronunciation. Syllables are assembled from an initial, a medial or final, and a tone.
The first version was created in 1913 and released in 1918. It remains a practical reading, dictionary, and keyboard tool in Taiwan.
- SYMBOLS
- 37
- TONES
- 5
- ALSO CALLED
- Zhuyin / Zhuyin Fuhao
Initials
21Medials
3Finals
13Tones
5ROMANIAN / EVERYDAY SURVIVAL
Română
Food, transport, shops, and getting help.
Build the sentences you need.
The words for everyday life.
Find a situation, read the phrase, or show the native text. Learn common replies as well as questions.
Pronunciation & how to use these phrases
Read ă like the final sound of sofa; â and î represent the same central vowel /ɨ/, with no exact English equivalent. Ș = sh; ț = ts; c before e/i = ch, g before e/i = j. Ch/gh before e/i keep hard k/g. Stress varies, so learn it with each word. Capital letters in the short English-style reading aids mark stress; they are approximations.
Use polite vă rog and puteți with strangers. The example allergy is a phrase model, not a statement about you. Replace foods only with a checked ingredient name. Magazin alimentar means a grocery shop, not necessarily a 24-hour convenience store.
84 phrases
Basics
Communication
Bathrooms
Food & ordering
Shops & convenience stores
Money & payment
Taxis & transit
Airport
Accommodation
Directions & time
Help & problems
Phone & internet
Replies & signs
Further reading & cultural sources
ROMANIAN / GRAMMAR REFERENCE
8 chaptersForms, rules & structure
Standard Romanian with ordinary conversational forms where indicated.
Grammar terminology
- Noun
- A word used to name or classify an entity: person, place, object, substance, idea.
- Adjective
- A word that describes a property; its form and position depend on the language.
- Pronoun
- A form used to refer to a participant or entity without repeating a full noun phrase.
- Determiner
- A word such as an article, demonstrative or possessive that helps specify a noun phrase.
- Verb
- A word heading a predicate, often describing an action, event or state.
- Conjugation
- A pattern of verb forms expressing grammatical distinctions such as person, tense or mood.
- Declension
- A pattern of noun, pronoun or adjective forms, often marking case, number and gender.
- Case
- A distinction marking a noun phrase’s grammatical role or its relationship to a governing word.
- Gender
- A grammatical classification of nouns; it need not match sex or have a transparent meaning.
- Agreement
- A form changes to match features of another expression, such as person, number, gender or case.
- Tense
- A grammatical way of locating a situation relative to a time of reference.
- Aspect
- How a situation is viewed: for example ongoing, habitual, completed or prior to a reference point.
- Mood
- A grammatical distinction associated with assertion, possibility, commands, wishes or other clause functions.
- Finite form
- A verb form that can serve as a clause’s main inflected verb, contrasting with infinitives and participles. The precise criteria vary by language.
- Participle
- A verb-derived form used in constructions such as modifiers, compound tenses or passives; its roles vary by language.
- Infinitive
- A nonfinite verb form in languages that have one; it is not automatically equivalent to English “to + verb”.
- Subject / object
- Grammatical relations in a clause, not universal synonyms for “doer” and “receiver”.
- Clitic
- A short grammatical form that depends phonologically on a neighboring word.
- Transitive
- Describes a verb construction that takes a direct object.
- Register
- A variety of expression associated with context, relationship or level of formality.
Noun gender, plural & definiteness
- Romanian distinguishes masculine, feminine and neuter nouns. Neuters pattern like masculine in the singular and feminine in the plural.
- The definite article is normally attached to the noun. Plural formation is lexical and may involve vowel or consonant changes; learn singular, plural and gender together.
| Class | Indefinite singular | Definite singular | Indefinite plural | Definite plural |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | un băiat | băiatul | doi băieți | băieții |
| feminine | o fată | fata | două fete | fetele |
| neuter | un scaun | scaunul | două scaune | scaunele |
Worked examples
Scaunul este nou. Scaunele sunt noi.
The chair is new. The chairs are new.
How it works: A neuter noun uses masculine singular and feminine plural agreement patterns.
Being & having
Eu sunt = I am; tu ești = you are; el/ea este = he/she is; noi suntem = we are; dumneavoastră sunteți = you are (polite). Eu am = I have; aveți = you have (polite/plural).
Sunt aici.I am here.
Am o rezervare.I have a reservation.
Aveți o cameră?Do you have a room?
Romanian often drops the subject pronoun because the verb identifies it. Use dumneavoastră and polite verb forms with unfamiliar adults.
Try it yourself
1 / 1 · 0 correctComplete the sentence using the pattern above.
___ o rezervare. (I have)
All words · vocabulary quiz
1 / 149 · 0 correctChoose the English meaning.
zero
zerozero
zerozero · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
unuone
unuone · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
doitwo
doitwo · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
treithree
treithree · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
patrufour
patrufour · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
cincifive
cincifive · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
șasesix
șasesix · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
șapteseven
șapteseven · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
opteight
opteight · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
nouănine
nouănine · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
zeceten
zeceten · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
douăzecitwenty
douăzecitwenty · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
o sutăone hundred
o sutăone hundred · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
o mieone thousand
o mieone thousand · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
apăwater
apăwater · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
cafeacoffee
cafeacoffee · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
ceaitea
ceaitea · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
laptemilk
laptemilk · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
pâinebread
pâinebread · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
orez fiertcooked rice
orez fiertcooked rice · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
tăițeinoodles
tăițeinoodles · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
carne de puichicken (meat)
carne de puichicken (meat) · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
carne de porcpork
carne de porcpork · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
carne de vităbeef
carne de vităbeef · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
peștefish
peștefish · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
ouegg
ouegg · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
legumevegetables
legumevegetables · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
fructefruit
fructefruit · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
arahidăpeanut
arahidăpeanut · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
creveteshrimp
creveteshrimp · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
zahărsugar
zahărsugar · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
saresalt
saresalt · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
gheațăice
gheațăice · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
berebeer
berebeer · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
vinwine
vinwine · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
mic dejunbreakfast
mic dejunbreakfast · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
prânzlunch
prânzlunch · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
cinădinner
cinădinner · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
sticlăbottle
sticlăbottle · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
pungăbag
pungăbag · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
bonreceipt
bonreceipt · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
numerarcash
numerarcash · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
încărcătorcharger
încărcătorcharger · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
pașaportpassport
pașaportpassport · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
biletticket
biletticket · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
cheiekey
cheiekey · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
prosoptowel
prosoptowel · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
hârtie igienicătoilet paper
hârtie igienicătoilet paper · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
aeroportairport
aeroportairport · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
autobuzbus
autobuzbus · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
taxitaxi
taxitaxi · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
trentrain
trentrain · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
hotelhotel
hotelhotel · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
spitalhospital
spitalhospital · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
farmaciepharmacy
farmaciepharmacy · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
toaletăbathroom / toilet
toaletăbathroom / toilet · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
luniMonday
luniMonday · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
marțiTuesday
marțiTuesday · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
miercuriWednesday
miercuriWednesday · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
joiThursday
joiThursday · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
vineriFriday
vineriFriday · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
sâmbătăSaturday
sâmbătăSaturday · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
duminicăSunday
duminicăSunday · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
minutminute
minutminute · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
orăhour
orăhour · dictionary form; see Grammar for sentence forms.
Bună ziua.Hello / good day
Bună ziua.Hello / good day · BOO-nuh ZEE-wah
Mulțumesc.Thank you
Mulțumesc.Thank you · mool-tsoo-MESK
Scuzați-mă.Excuse me / sorry
Scuzați-mă.Excuse me / sorry · skoo-ZAHTS-muh
La revedere.Goodbye
La revedere.Goodbye · lah reh-veh-DEH-reh
Vorbiți engleză?Do you speak English?
Vorbiți engleză?Do you speak English? · vor-BEETS en-GLEH-zuh
Nu înțeleg.I do not understand.
Nu înțeleg.I do not understand. · noo uhn-tseh-LEG
Puteți vorbi mai rar, vă rog?Please speak more slowly.
Puteți vorbi mai rar, vă rog?Please speak more slowly.
Puteți repeta, vă rog?Could you repeat that?
Puteți repeta, vă rog?Could you repeat that?
Puteți scrie, vă rog?Please write it down.
Puteți scrie, vă rog?Please write it down.
Nu aud bine.I am hard of hearing.
Nu aud bine.I am hard of hearing.
Unde este toaleta?Where is the bathroom?
Unde este toaleta?Where is the bathroom? · OON-deh YES-teh twa-LEH-tah
Pot folosi toaleta?May I use the bathroom?
Pot folosi toaleta?May I use the bathroom?
Nu este hârtie igienică.There is no toilet paper.
Nu este hârtie igienică.There is no toilet paper.
O masă pentru o persoană, vă rog.A table for one, please.
O masă pentru o persoană, vă rog.A table for one, please.
Meniul, vă rog.May I see the menu?
Meniul, vă rog.May I see the menu?
Asta, vă rog.This one, please. (point)
Asta, vă rog.This one, please. (point) · AHS-tah vuh rog
Ce recomandați?What do you recommend?
Ce recomandați?What do you recommend?
Apă, vă rog.Water, please.
Apă, vă rog.Water, please. · AH-puh vuh rog
O cafea, vă rog.A coffee, please.
O cafea, vă rog.A coffee, please.
Fără zahăr, vă rog.Without sugar, please.
Fără zahăr, vă rog.Without sugar, please.
Fără iute, vă rog.Not spicy, please.
Fără iute, vă rog.Not spicy, please.
Nu mănânc carne.I do not eat meat.
Nu mănânc carne.I do not eat meat.
Am alergie la arahide.I have a peanut allergy.
Am alergie la arahide.I have a peanut allergy.
Conține lapte?Does this contain milk?
Conține lapte?Does this contain milk?
La pachet, vă rog.To take away, please.
La pachet, vă rog.To take away, please.
Mănânc aici.To eat here.
Mănânc aici.To eat here.
Nota, vă rog.The bill, please.
Nota, vă rog.The bill, please. · NOH-tah vuh rog
Cât costă?How much is this?
Cât costă?How much is this? · kuht KOS-tuh
Aveți asta?Do you have this? (show an item)
Aveți asta?Do you have this? (show an item)
O pungă, vă rog.A bag, please.
O pungă, vă rog.A bag, please.
Nu am nevoie de pungă.I do not need a bag.
Nu am nevoie de pungă.I do not need a bag.
Puteți încălzi asta?Could you heat this up?
Puteți încălzi asta?Could you heat this up?
Unde este cel mai apropiat magazin alimentar?Where is the nearest convenience store / small grocery?
Unde este cel mai apropiat magazin alimentar?Where is the nearest convenience store / small grocery?
La ce oră închideți?What time do you close?
La ce oră închideți?What time do you close?
Pot plăti cu cardul?Can I pay by card?
Pot plăti cu cardul?Can I pay by card?
Bonul, vă rog.A receipt, please.
Bonul, vă rog.A receipt, please.
Unde este un bancomat?Where is an ATM?
Unde este un bancomat?Where is an ATM?
Îmi puteți arăta prețul?Please show me the price.
Îmi puteți arăta prețul?Please show me the price.
La această adresă, vă rog.Please take me to this address.
La această adresă, vă rog.Please take me to this address.
Cât va costa?How much will it cost?
Cât va costa?How much will it cost?
Opriți aici, vă rog.Stop here, please.
Opriți aici, vă rog.Stop here, please.
Unde este gara?Where is the station?
Unde este gara?Where is the station?
Un bilet până la …, vă rog.One ticket to …, please.
Un bilet până la …, vă rog.One ticket to …, please.
Acest autobuz merge la aeroport?Does this bus go to the airport?
Acest autobuz merge la aeroport?Does this bus go to the airport?
Care peron?Which platform?
Care peron?Which platform?
Unde este ghișeul de check-in?Where is the check-in counter?
Unde este ghișeul de check-in?Where is the check-in counter?
Unde este poarta de îmbarcare?Where is the departure gate?
Unde este poarta de îmbarcare?Where is the departure gate?
Bagajul meu nu a sosit.My luggage has not arrived.
Bagajul meu nu a sosit.My luggage has not arrived.
Am un zbor de legătură.I have a connecting flight.
Am un zbor de legătură.I have a connecting flight.
Am o rezervare.I have a reservation.
Am o rezervare.I have a reservation.
Pot lăsa bagajele aici?Could I leave my luggage here?
Pot lăsa bagajele aici?Could I leave my luggage here?
Cheia nu funcționează.The key does not work.
Cheia nu funcționează.The key does not work.
Aveți o cameră mai liniștită?Is there a quieter room?
Aveți o cameră mai liniștită?Is there a quieter room?
La ce oră trebuie să eliberez camera?What time is check-out?
La ce oră trebuie să eliberez camera?What time is check-out?
Îmi puteți arăta pe hartă?Please show me on the map.
Îmi puteți arăta pe hartă?Please show me on the map.
Pot merge pe jos?Can I walk there?
Pot merge pe jos?Can I walk there?
Cât durează?How long does it take?
Cât durează?How long does it take?
Ajutați-mă, vă rog.Please help me.
Ajutați-mă, vă rog.Please help me.
Chemați o ambulanță, vă rog.Please call an ambulance.
Chemați o ambulanță, vă rog.Please call an ambulance.
Chemați poliția, vă rog.Please call the police.
Chemați poliția, vă rog.Please call the police.
Am nevoie de un medic.I need a doctor.
Am nevoie de un medic.I need a doctor.
Unde este farmacia?Where is the pharmacy?
Unde este farmacia?Where is the pharmacy?
Mi-a dispărut pașaportul.My passport is missing.
Mi-a dispărut pașaportul.My passport is missing.
Care este parola de Wi-Fi?What is the Wi-Fi password?
Care este parola de Wi-Fi?What is the Wi-Fi password?
Pot încărca telefonul aici?May I charge my phone here?
Pot încărca telefonul aici?May I charge my phone here?
Am nevoie de o cartelă SIM.I need a SIM card.
Am nevoie de o cartelă SIM.I need a SIM card.
Da / nuYes / no
Da / nuYes / no
Doar numerarCash only
Doar numerarCash only
Deschis / închisOpen / closed
Deschis / închisOpen / closed
Intrare / ieșireEntrance / exit
Intrare / ieșireEntrance / exit
Stânga / dreapta / înainteLeft / right / straight ahead
Stânga / dreapta / înainteLeft / right / straight ahead
Azi / mâine / acumToday / tomorrow / now
Azi / mâine / acumToday / tomorrow / now
Așteptați puțin, vă rog.Please wait a moment.
Așteptați puțin, vă rog.Please wait a moment.
Epuizat / indisponibilSold out / unavailable
Epuizat / indisponibilSold out / unavailable
Două persoane.Two people.
Două persoane.Two people.
Apă plată, vă rog.Still water, please.
Apă plată, vă rog.Still water, please.
O lingură, vă rog.A spoon, please.
O lingură, vă rog.A spoon, please.
Puteți verifica ingredientele?Could you check the ingredients?
Puteți verifica ingredientele?Could you check the ingredients?
Unde se ridică bagajele?Where is baggage claim?
Unde se ridică bagajele?Where is baggage claim?
La ce oră începe îmbarcarea?What time does boarding start?
La ce oră începe îmbarcarea?What time does boarding start?
Un bilet dus-întors, vă rog.A return ticket, please.
Un bilet dus-întors, vă rog.A return ticket, please.
Trebuie să schimb trenul?Do I need to change trains?
Trebuie să schimb trenul?Do I need to change trains?
Nu, mulțumesc.No, thank you.
Nu, mulțumesc.No, thank you.
Întârziat / anulatDelayed / cancelled
Întârziat / anulatDelayed / cancelled
Between the words
Everyday interactions, useful replies, and local context. Practices vary by person and place.
Bună ziua
A polite greeting before a requestOpen an interaction in a shop or at a desk with a greeting. Dumneavoastră, vă rog and plural/polite verb forms are a reliable starting point with unfamiliar adults.
Bună ziua. Aveți apă?
Bună and salut are more informal; use bună ziua when unsure.
Read the situation
1 / 4 · 0 correctWhich greeting is a safe polite opening at a hotel desk?
Practice scores last for this visit.Romanian audio is unavailable on this device. All exercises work without audio.