AUWENFIELD NOTES
JOHNNY AUWENEARTH
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Language practice

Choose a language, then practise its grammar, vocabulary, culture or writing.

WORKSPACE

Pick a task before a language tab. Choose the language you want to use, then work on one small task. Reading a script, learning a grammar rule and responding in conversation need different practice.

How to use this
  1. Need to speak today?

    Choose a language and start with Survival. Practise the reply as well as the phrase you say first.

  2. Need to read?

    Use Writing systems for recognition, Pronunciation for spelling-to-sound rules, and Kanji + Hanzi for character and word study.

  3. Need to build sentences?

    Read a grammar rule, work through its example, then answer without looking. Check Vocabulary and Culture to see how the words are used.

Try this: Choose German. Find a survival exchange and say both parts aloud. Change one noun using the grammar explanation instead of memorizing a second whole sentence.

You should get: You can make one small variation and explain why the form changes. If you cannot, revisit that rule before adding more phrases.

Know the limit: Track depth varies. A chart is a reference, and recognizing an answer is not the same as producing it in a conversation.

Start with pronunciation
Japanese / Japanese

Hiragana

日本語

Hiragana represents morae rather than English-style individual consonants. Learn the 46 basic signs, then voiced and combined forms.

Japanese uses hiragana for grammatical endings and many native words, katakana for many loanwords and emphasis, and kanji for many word roots.

Compare
か → が (ka → ga); は → ば → ぱ (ha → ba → pa). The same marks apply to katakana.
Small signs
きゃ kya combines ki with small ya. Small っ marks a doubled consonant: きって kitte.
Length
Katakana often uses ー for a long vowel: コーヒー kōhī. Hiragana vowel sequences require word-specific reading.
Particles
は and へ are pronounced wa and e when used as particles; を is usually pronounced o.
Unicode script charts

Signs

46