Field notesAUWENSearch
Explore Earth
JOHNNY AUWEN / MOUTH MAP03 / EARTH / LINGUISTICS / LANGUAGE

LANGUAGE

From written signs to everyday conversation.

Ancient Greek / Ancient Greek

Greek alphabet & polytonic marks

Ἑλληνική

Learn the 24 letters, final sigma, and the breathing and accent marks used in editions of Ancient Greek. Names identify letters; reconstructed sound depends on period.

Greek adapted a Phoenician alphabet and represented vowels explicitly. Polytonic marks in modern editions reflect a later scholarly tradition.

Vowels
ε/ο are short; η/ω are long; α/ι/υ can be short or long.
Read
λόγος → logos. The final letter is ς, the word-final form of σ.
Tradition
Classical φ θ χ are commonly reconstructed as aspirated stops; Modern Greek values differ. No modern device voice is presented as ancient audio.
Unicode script charts

Signs

30